Ghinwa Zoubeir

The cervical spine enables head movement and carries nerves that control arm and leg function. Common issues include herniated discs, degeneration, and stenosis, causing pain, stiffness, numbness, or weakness. Most cases are treated without surgery, but when needed, advanced methods like artificial disc replacement and microsurgery are used.

This part of the spine supports torso movement and contains nerves affecting balance and leg function. Common problems include degeneration, stenosis, and tumors, leading to back pain, balance issues, or bladder/bowel problems. Minimally invasive techniques can often resolve these conditions.

The lumbar spine carries body weight, enables movement, and houses nerves for leg and bladder function. Conditions like herniation, degeneration, stenosis, tumors, or fractures may cause pain, stiffness, or mobility issues. Today, most are treated successfully—often without hospitalization—using advanced techniques like artificial disc replacement and microdecompression.

The spine functions best when its regions—cervical, thoracic, and lumbar—are in proper alignment. Structural issues in the bones or discs can lead to deformities like scoliosis (curved spine) or kyphosis (hunchback). Modern techniques such as minimally invasive correction, computer-assisted, and image-guided surgery have greatly improved treatment success.